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Showing posts with the label Information Technology

What Do You Mean By Judgement

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Meaning of Judgement : Judgement means the observation and decision of court of law in respect of a particular case after conclusion of a trial. Content of Judgement : Every Judgement - Shall be written in the language of the court. Shall contain the point or points for determination, the decision there on and the reason for the decision. Shall specify the offence of which and section of The Indian Penal Code, 1860 or other law under which the accused is convicted and the punishment to which he is sentenced. If the Judgement is of acquittal, it shall state the offence, of which the accused is acquitted and direct that he be set at liberty section 354(1). Object : The object should be to protect the society and to deter the criminal in achieving the avowed object of law by imposing appropriate sentence. The social impact of the crime like where its relates to offences against woman, kidnapping and other offences involving moral delinquency which have great impact on s...
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What Do You Mean By Trademark

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Meaning of Trademark:    A trademark means a mark capable of being represented graphically and may include a word,name,symbol,device,letters,signature,ticket,pictures,characters,sounds,smell etc. A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or Characteristics Of Trademark :  A good trademark should posses the following characteristics:-  It should be short.  It should appeal to the eye as well as the ear. It should satisfy the requirement of registration. It should not belong the class of marks prohibited for registration. It should be easy to pronounce,if the mark is a word. What Does A Trademark Do ? Trademark plays a vital role as it is a symbol that allows a purchase to identify goods or services that have been proved,satisfactory and not to buy goods or services that have not been satisfactory. Trademarks Serve Mainly Three Purpose:- Encourage the production of quality ...
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Protection of Database in India

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The right to protection of personal data is a civil and Constitutional right. Article 21 of the Constitution of India provides for the rights to life and personal liberty, which includes the right to privacy. Data protection has emerged as an important reaction to the development of information technology. The growing use of internet can be witnessed in E-commerce. In order to protect the misuse of data and information, data protection laws become very important. Indian Government introduced the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2006 in Rajya Sabha on 8th December 2006 with an object to provide protection of personal data and information. The following laws were already there to regulate data privacy - 1) Indian Telegraph Act, 1885. 2) Credit Information Companies (Regulation Act, 2005) 3) The Indian Contract Act, 1872. 4) Special Relief Act, 1963. 5) Consumer Protection Act, 1986. 6)  Indian Copyright Act, 1957. 7) Indian Penal Code, 1860. Chapter ix and chapter xi of t...
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Cyber Crime

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MEANING OF CYBER CRIME-     Cyber crime means illegal use of computers and the internet.It is a crime committed using a computer and internet to steal a person's identity.cyber crimes deals any criminal act dealing with computers and networks called hacking.cuber crimes also includes traditional crimes conducted through the internet.For example,Hate crimes,Telemarketing  and internet fraud,Identity theft.                                                                                                                      CLASSIFICATION OF CYBER CRIME - Cyber crime may be broadly classified under the following three groups depending upon the target of  the crime.They ar...
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Aims and Objectives of the Information Technology Act, 2000

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Meaning of the word 'Information' :-  Dictionary meaning of the word 'information' is 'facts or knowledge provided or learned.' As per Section 2(V) of the Information Technology Act, 2000, 'information' includes data, message, text, images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and databases or microfilm or computer generated micro fiche.' Meaning of the term 'Information Technology' :- Dictionary meaning of the term 'Information Technology' is 'the study or use of systems such as computers and telecommunications for storing, retrieving and sending information.' Aims or objects of the Information Technology Act, 2000 :- The objectives of the Information Technology Act, 2000 are : 1. Provide legal recognition for transactions:-     a) Carried out by means of electronic data interchange; and      b) Other means of electronic communication, commonly referred to as 'electronic commerc...
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Various Name of Computer Viruses

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According to the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) there are around 30,000 computer viruses in existence and nearly 300 new viruses are created each month. The most popular computer viruses are :- 1. Creeper Virus. 2. Elk Cloner. 3. Brain. 4. Trojan Horse(Aids Virus). 5. Klez Worm. 6. Macro Virus. 7. Melissa Virus. 8. Anna Kournikova Worm. 9. Companion Virus. 10. Spare Virus. 11. Codered, Nimda Virus/Concept Virus. Defence Against Virus (Anti Virus Software) :-  Many users install antivirus software that can detect and eliminate known viruses when the computer attempts to download or run the executable (which may be distributed as an email attachment, or on USB flash drives, for example). Some antivirus software blocks known malicious web sites that attempt to install malware. Antivirus software does not change the underlying capability of hosts to transmit viruses. Users must update their software regularly to patch security vulnerabilities (holes). Antiv...
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Definition and Duties of Subscriber

Definition of Subscriber :- Subscriber means a person in whose name the electronic signature certificate is issued. A subscriber is in a way a customer or a buyer. He is a customer with a difference as he usually pays for a service in advance. A subscriber has a approach the registration authority with a request to issue a digital signature certificate. He has to fill the prescribes application form for issue of digital signature certificate along with the necessary document. He has to enter into a certifying authority subscriber agreement. He has to prove the possession of private key corresponding to the public key for the generation of signing key pair. Then the registration authority forward the application to the license certifying authority after verification. Then the license certifying authority generate the digital signature certificate for the public key subscriber, then has to download the digital signature certificate from the website of the license certifying autho...
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Methods of Software Piracy

Software piracy can take many forums, but one of the most common includes counterfeiting or a licensed user making duplicate copies of the software to sell or give away, with or without providing codes to unlicensed users as a workaround to anti-piracy features. Other piracy methods include violating a license by installing software software on multiple computers, software overuse on a network and students who purchase education versions of for family members or friends. On the basis of software several types of software piracies are possible. They are :- 1) CD-R infringement :-  It is the illegal copying of software using CD-R recording technology. 2) Commercial use of non-commercial software's :- Using educational or other commercial - use restricted software in violation of the software licence is a form of copyright infringement. 3) Counterfeiting :- It is the duplication and sale of unauthorized copies of software in such a manner as to try to pass of the il...
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Meaning of E-Banking

E-banking is also called as "Electronic Banking", 'Online Banking', 'Internet Banking', 'on line banking', 'Virtual Banking'. E-Banking involves information technology based banking. The banking service are delivered by way of a Computer-controlled System. It is like e-business in banking indirectly. It allows customers of a financial institution to conduct financial transactions on a secure website operated by the institution which can be a retail or virtual bank, credit union or building society. E-banking refers to the provisions of internet banking services via the internet through a Personal Computer(PC) or other access devices with internet capabilities. E-Banking system allows customers to manage accounts both in the national and a foreign currency and to obtain all the data needed about movement of funds on them in any corner of the world. To access a financial institution's online banking facility, a customer having personal i...
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Discuss about Cyberspace

Meaning :-  Cyber Space is the electronic medium of computer network in which online communication takes place. Definition :- Cyberspace refers to the global network of independent information technology infrastructures, telecommunication networks and computer processing system in which on line communication take place. What is Internet ? The Internet is a vast computer network linking smaller computer network world wide. An internet is a series of computer network all hooked together. Individual computer can communicate with each other over the world because the network are inter connected. Origin of Internet :- The origin of the concept of internet was first documented by J.C.R. Licklider of MIT in August 1962 where he described the internet as the galactic network. Who owns the Internet ? No one actually owns the internet, and no single person or organization controls the internet in its entity. The internet is more of a concept than an actual tangible entity a...
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Meaning of 'Credit Card' (Plastic Money)

Meaning of 'Credit Card' :- 'Credit Card' is also called as 'Plastic Money' 'Credit Card' is any card that may be used repeatedly to borrow money or buy products and services on credit. It is issued by banks, savings and loans, retail stores and other businesses. 'Credit Card' is issued by a financial company giving the holder an option to borrow funds, usually at point of sale. Credit cards charge and interest and are primarily used for short-term financing. Interest usually begins one month after a purchase is made and borrowing limits are pre-set according to the individuals credit rating. Credit cards have higher interest rates (around 19% per year) than most consumer loans or lines of credit. Almost every store allows for payment of goods and services through credit cards. Because of their wide spread acceptance, credit cards are one of the most popular forms of payments for consumer goods and services in the U.S. 'Credit card...
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Distinction Between Electronic Signature and Digital Signature

There is some difference between electronic signature and digital signature, this are :- 1. Electronic signature is a generic, technology-natural term that refers to the universe of all of the various method by which one can 'sign' on electronic record, while digital signature is simply a term for one technology specific type of electronic signature. 2. Electronic signature can take many forms and can be many different technologies. The permit a board range of 'electronic signatures to satisfy the  requirements of a legal signature whereas digital signature involves the use of public key cryptography (asymmetric  cryptography ) to 'sign' a message. 3. Electronic signature a name typed at the end of an e-mail message by the sender, a digitized image of a handwritten signature that is attached to an electronic document, a secret code or PIN (such as that used with ATM cards and credits card) to identify the sender to the recipient ; a code or 'handl...
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